
Securities and Exchange Commission, the number of monthly Telegram users as of October 2019 is 300 million people worldwide. On 14 March 2019, Pavel Durov claimed that "3 million new users signed up for Telegram within the last 24 hours." Durov did not specify what prompted this flood of new sign-ups, but the period matched a prolonged technical outage experienced by Facebook and its family of apps, including Instagram. In March 2018, Telegram reached 200 million monthly active users. In December 2017, Telegram reached 180 million monthly active users. In February 2016, Telegram announced that it had 100 million monthly active users, with 350,000 new users signing up every day, delivering 15 billion messages daily. In September 2015, Telegram announced that the app had 60 million active users and delivered 12 billion daily messages. In December 2014, Telegram announced that it had 50 million active users, generating 1 billion daily messages, and that it had 1 million new users signing up on its service every week, traffic doubled in five months with 2 billion daily messages. In October 2014, South Korean governmental surveillance plans drove many of its citizens to switch to Telegram. On 24 March 2014, Telegram announced that it had reached 35 million monthly users and 15 million daily active users. In October 2013, Telegram announced that it had 100,000 daily active users. Users can report apps' issues and recommend development ideas on the dedicated "Bugs and Suggestions" platform. It has a complex corporate structure of shell companies to be ahead of government subpoenas. Since 2017, the company has been based in Dubai. While a former employee of VK claimed that Telegram had employees in Saint Petersburg, Pavel Durov said that the Telegram team made Berlin, Germany its headquarters in 2014, but failed to obtain German residence permits for everyone on the team and moved to other jurisdictions in early 2015. After Pavel Durov left Russia in 2014, he was said to be moving from country to country with a small group of computer programmers consisting of 15 core members. It does not disclose where it rents offices or which legal entities it uses to rent them, citing the need to "shelter the team from unnecessary influence" and protect users from governmental data requests. Telegram is registered as a company in the British Virgin Islands and as an LLC in Dubai.

Telegram Messenger states that its end goal is not to bring profit, but it is not structured as a non-profit organization. Nikolai Durov created the MTProto protocol that is the basis for the messenger, while Pavel Durov provided financial support and infrastructure through his Digital Fortress fund. Pavel Durov sold his remaining stake in VK and left Russia after resisting government pressure.

Previously, the pair founded the Russian social network VK, which they left in 2014, saying it had been taken over by government. Telegram was launched in 2013 by the brothers Nikolai and Pavel Durov.

There are also two official Telegram web twin apps, WebK and WebZ, and numerous unofficial clients that make use of Telegram's protocol.
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Various client apps are available for desktop and mobile platforms including official apps for Android, iOS, Windows, macOS, and Linux (although registration requires an iOS or Android device and a working phone number).

The servers of Telegram are distributed worldwide with five data centers in different regions, while the operational center is based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It was launched for iOS on 14 August 2013 and Android on 20 October 2013. The service also provides optional end-to-end encrypted chats and video calling, VoIP, file sharing and several other features. Telegram is a globally accessible freemium, cross-platform, cloud-based instant messaging (IM) service.
